MEDICAL PAGE
Facts, Myths, and Propaganda Over the Debate on Depleted Uranium by Dan Fahey
United Spinal Association NewsLetter
How Candidates Address Veterans' Medical Issues
Sarin, Depleted Uranium, and PTSD
For Visually Impaired Veterans
Subclinical Doses of the Nerve Gas Sarin
Impair T Cell Responses through the Autonomic Nervous System
Toxicology
and Applied Pharmacology
October
2002, vol. 184, no. 2, pp. 82-87(6)
Kalra R.; Singh S.P.; Razani-Boroujerdi S.; Langley R.J.; Blackwell W.B.;
Henderson R.F.; Sopori M.L.
Lovelace Respiratory Research
Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87108
Abstract:
The nerve gas sarin is a potent cholinergic agent, and exposure to high doses
may cause neurotoxicity and death. Subclinical exposures to sarin have been
postulated to contribute to the Gulf War syndrome; however, the biological
effects of subclinical exposure are largely unknown. In this communication,
evidence shows that subclinical doses (0.2 and 0.4 mg/m3) of sarin administered
by inhalation to F344 rats for 1 h/day for 5 or 10 days inhibited the anti-sheep
red blood cell antibody-forming cell response of spleen cells without affecting
the distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations in the spleen. Moreover, sarin
suppressed T cell responses, including the concanavalin A (Con A) and the anti-![]()
-T
cell receptor (TCR) antibody-induced T cell proliferation and the rise in the
intracellular calcium following TCR ligation. These concentrations of sarin
altered regional but not total brain acetylcholinesterase activity.
Interestingly, serum corticosterone levels of the sarin-treated animals were
dramatically lower than the control animals, indicating that sarin-induced
immunosuppression did not result from the activation of the
hypothalamus—pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Pretreatment of animals with the
ganglionic blocker chlorisondamine abrogated the inhibitory effects of sarin on
spleen cell proliferation in response to Con A and anti-TCR antibodies. These
results suggest that the effects of sarin on T cell responsiveness are mediated
via the autonomic nervous system and are independent of the HPA axis. © 2002
Elsevier Science (USA).
Keywords: organophosphates; cholinergic agents; neuroimmune modulation;
glucocorticoids; T cell mitogenesis
Language: English Document Type: Research article ISSN: 0041-008X
DOI (article): 10.1006/taap.2002.9497
SICI (online): 0041-008X18428287
A review of the effects of uranium and depleted uranium exposure on reproduction
and fetal development
Toxicology
and Industrial Health
1
May 2001, vol. 17, no. 5-10, pp. 180-191(12)
Arfsten D.P.[1]; Still K.R.[1]; Ritchie G.D.[2]
[1] Naval Health Research Center Detachment-Toxicology, Wright-Patterson Air
Force Base (WPAFB), Ohio 45433-7903, USA [2] Geo-Centers, Inc., WPAFB, Ohio
45433-7903, USA
Abstract:
Depleted uranium (DU) is used in armor-penetrating munitions, military vehicle
armor, and aircraft, ship and missile counterweighting/ballasting, as well as in
a number of other military and commercial applications. Recent combat
applications of DU alloy [i.e., Persian Gulf War (PGW) and Kosovo peacekeeping
objective] resulted in human acute exposure to DU dust, vapor or aerosol, as
well as chronic exposure from tissue embedding of DU shrapnel fragments. DU
alloy is 99.8% 238Uranium, and emits approximately 60% of the alpha, beta, and
gamma radiation found in natural uranium (4.05×10-7 Ci/g DU alloy). DU is a
heavy metal that is 160% more dense than lead and can remain within the body for
many years and slowly solubilize. High levels of urinary uranium have been
measured in PGW veterans 10 years after exposure to DU fragments and vapors. In
rats, there is strong evidence of DU accumulation in tissues including testes,
bone, kidneys, and brain. In vitro tests indicate that DU alloy may be
both genotoxic and mutagenic, whereas a recent in vivo study suggests
that tissue-embedded DU alloy may be carcinogenic in rats. There is limited
available data for reproductive and teratological deficits from exposure to
uranium per se, typically from oral, respiratory, or dermal exposure
routes. Alternatively, there is no data available on the reproductive effects of
DU embedded. This paper reviews published studies of reproductive toxicity in
humans and animals from uranium or DU exposure, and discusses ongoing animal
research to evaluate reproductive effects in male and female rats embedded with
DU fragments, and possible consequences in F1 and F2 generations.
Keywords: DEPLETED URANIUM AND URANIUM; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY; TERATOGENESIS;
RODENTS; MECHANISMS OF TOXICITY; REVIEW
Document Type: Research article ISSN: 0748-2337
DOI (article): 10.1191/0748233701th111oa
SICI (online): 0748-2337(20010501)17:5L.180;1-
The Influence of Sarin on Various Physiological Functions in Rats Following
Single or Repeated Low-Level Inhalation Exposure
Inhalation
Toxicology
July
2004, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 517-530(14)
Kassa J.[1]; Krej
ová
G.[1]; Skopec F.[2]; Herink J.[3]; Bajgar J.[3];
evelová
L.[3]; Tichý M.[3]; Pecka M.[3]
[1] Department of Toxicology, Purkyn
Military Medical Academy, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic [2] Radioisotope
Laboratory, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech
Republic [3] Department of Military Internal Medicine, Purkyn
Military Medical Academy, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
Abstract:
Long-term effects of low doses of highly toxic organophosphorus agent sarin on
various hematological and biochemical markers and physiological functions were
studied in rats exposed to sarin by inhalation. The results indicate that
low-level sarin-exposed rats show long-term increase in studied markers of
stress and decrease in synthesis of DNA de novo without the disturbance of the
functions of cholinergic nervous system. Moreover, sarin at low doses is able to
induce some neurotoxic effects including an increase in the excitability of
central nervous system in rats at 3 mo following inhalation exposure. Relatively
long-term spatial discrimination impairments in rats exposed to low-level sarin
was demonstrated too. Therefore, nerve agents such as sarin seem to be harmful
not only at high, clinically symptomatic doses but also at low doses without
acute clinical manifestation of overtimulation of cholinergic nervous system
because of long-term manifestation of alteration of neurophysiological and
neurobehavioral functions in sarin-exposed rats.
Document Type: Research article ISSN: 0895-8378
DOI (article): 10.1080/08958370490442494
SICI (online): 0895-8378(20040701)16:8L.517;1-
The Alteration of Immune Reactions in Inbred BALB/c Mice Following
Low-Level Sarin Inhalation Exposure
Inhalation
Toxicology
July
2004, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 509-515(7)
Kassa J.[1]; Kro
ová
Z.[2];
evelová
L.[1]; Sheshko V.[2]; Kasalová I.[2]; Neubauerová V.[2]
[1] Department of Toxicology, Purkyn
Military Medical Academy, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic [2] Institute of
Molecular Pathology, Purkyn
Military Medical Academy, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
Abstract:
To study the influence of low-level sarin inhalation exposure on immune
functions, inbred BALB/c mice were exposed to low concentrations of sarin
for 60 min in the inhalation chamber. The evaluation of immune functions was
carried out using phenotyping of CD3 (T lymphocytes), CD4 (helper T
lymphocytes), CD8 (cytotoxic T lymphocytes), and CD19 cells (B lymphocytes) in
the lungs, blood, and spleen, lymphoproliferation of spleen cells stimulated in
vitro by various mitogens (concanavalin A, lipopolysaccharides), phagocyte
activity of peritoneal and alveolar macrophages, production of N-oxides
by peritoneal macrophages, and the measurement of the natural killer cell
activity at 1 wk following sarin exposure. The results were compared to the
values obtained from control mice exposed to pure air instead of sarin. The
results indicate that low doses of sarin are able to alter the reaction of
immune system at one week following exposure to sarin. While the numbers of CD3
cells in the lungs, blood, and spleen were slightly decreased, an increase in
CD19 cells was observed, especially in the lungs and blood. The reduced
proportion of T lymphocytes is caused by decay of CD4-positive T cells.
Lymphoproliferation was significantly decreased regardless of the mitogen and
sarin concentration used. The production of N-oxides by peritoneal
macrophages was stimulated after exposure to the highest dose of sarin, whereas
their ability to phagocytize the microbes was increased after exposure to the
lowest dose of sarin. The natural killer cell activity was significantly higher
in the case of inhalation exposure of mice to the highest level of sarin. Thus,
not only organophosphorus insecticides but also nerve agents such as sarin are
able to alter immune functions even at a dose that does not cause clinically
manifested disruption of cholinergic nervous system in the case of inhalation
exposure. Nevertheless, the alteration of immune functions following the
inhalation exposure to a symptomatic concentration of sarin seems to be more
pronounced.
Document Type: Research article ISSN: 0895-8378
DOI (article): 10.1080/08958370490442476
SICI (online): 0895-8378(20040701)16:8L.509;1-
Army studies mental health of Iraq troops
Army studies mental health of Iraq troops
http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/health/aphealth_story.asp?category=1500&slug=Military%20Mental%20Health&searchdiff=0&searchpagefrom=1
The Influence of Single or Repeated Low-Level Sarin Exposure on Immune Functions
of Inbred BALB/c Mice
Pharmacology
& Toxicology
March
2004, vol. 94, no. 3, pp. 139-143(5)
Kassa J.; Kro
ová
Z.[1];
evelová
L.[1]; Sheshko V.[1]; Kasalová I.[1]; Neubauerová V.[1]
[1] Purkyn
Military Medical Academy, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
Abstract:
:
To study the influence of single or repeated low-level sarin inhalation exposure
on immune functions, inbred BALB/c mice were exposed to low clinically
asymptomatic concentrations of sarin for 60 min. in the inhalation chamber. The
evaluation of immune functions was carried out using phenotyping of CD3
(T-lymphocytes), CD4 (helper T-lymphocytes), CD8 (cytotoxic T-lymphocytes) and
CD19 cells (B-lymphocytes) in the lungs, blood and spleen, lymphoproliferation
of spleen cells stimulated in vitro by various mitogens (concanavalin A,
lipopolysaccharides), phagocyte activity of peritoneal and alveolar macrophages,
production of N-oxides by peritoneal macrophages and the measurement of the
natural killer cell activity at one week after sarin exposure. The results were
compared to the values obtained from control mice exposed to pure air instead of
sarin. The results indicate that an asymptomatic dose of sarin is able to alter
the reaction of the immune system at one week after exposure to sarin. While the
number of CD3 cells in lung was significantly decreased, a slight increase in
CD19 cells was observed especially in the lungs after a single sarin inhalation
exposure. Lymphoproliferation was significantly decreased regardless of the
mitogen and sarin concentration used and the number of low-level sarin
exposures. The ability of peritoneal and alveolar macrophages to phagocyte the
microbes was also decreased regardless of the number of low-level sarin
exposures. The production of N-oxides by peritoneal macrophages was decreased
following a single low-level sarin exposure but increased following repeated
low-level sarin inhalation exposure. Nevertheless, the changes in the production
of N-oxides that reflects a bactericidal activity of peritoneal macrophages was
not significant. The natural killer cell activity was significantly higher in
the case of inhalation exposure of mice to low concentration of sarin regardless
of the number of exposures. Thus, not only organophosphorous insecticides but
also nerve agents such as sarin are able to alter immune functions following a
single inhalation exposure even at a dose that does not cause clinically
manifested intoxication. Generally, the repeated exposure to low concentrations
of sarin does not increase the alteration of immune functions compared to the
single low-level sarin exposure with the exception of phagocyte activity of
alveolar macrophages and natural killer cell activity.
Document Type: Research article ISSN: 0901-9928
DOI (article): 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2004.pto940307.x
SICI (online): 0901-9928(20040301)94:3L.139;1-
Development of a Guinea Pig Model for Low-Dose, Long-Term Exposure to
Organophosphorus Nerve Agents
Toxicology
Mechanisms and Methods
May-June
2004, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 183-194(12)
Atchison C.R.[1]; Sheridan R.E.[1]; Duniho S.M.[2]; Shih T-M.[1]
[1] Neurotoxicology Branch, Pharmacology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research
Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010-5400, USA [2]
Comparative Pathology Branch, Comparative Medicine Division, U.S. Army Medical
Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010-5400,
USA
Abstract:
An animal dosing model and related maximum tolerated dose (MTD) were developed
for repeated exposures in guinea pigs to three organophosphorus chemical warfare
nerve agents (CWNA). Male animals were injected subcutaneously with sarin (GB),
soman (GD) or VX once a day (Monday through Friday) for 2-, 4-, or 13-weeks. An
initial 13-week study for each CWNA employed doses of vehicle (normal saline),
0.2x, 0.4x, 0.6x, and 0.8x the previously established acute LD50. A 2-week and
4-week exposure were also performed for each agent at doses less than the
13-week MTD to verify lack of toxicity. Animals dosed daily for 13 weeks with
0.4x LD50 of GB or GD or with 0.2x LD50 of VX did not display signs of acute
cholinergic toxicity. In animals dosed daily for either 2- or 4-weeks, the MTDs
were 0.4x the acute LD50 for all three CWNA. There were no differences among
these groups and their respective vehicle controls for weight gains, body
temperature, complete blood cell counts, blood chemistries, nor by
histopathology. At the MTD in all groups, red blood cell cholinesterase activity
one hour after the last exposure was inhibited up to 90% compared with controls.
The toxicity observed with repeated doses above the MTD for up to chronic
exposure durations was not significantly different from symptoms observed after
acute exposure. For all three nerve agents the MTDs for subacute exposure
durations can be expressed by the same constant fraction of the acute LD50,
despite differences in the absolute amount of nerve agent administered.
Keywords: Guinea Pig; Maximum Tolerated Dose; Organophosphorus Compounds; Sarin;
Soman; VX
Document Type: Research article ISSN: 1537-6516
DOI (article): 10.1080/15376520490429166
SICI (online): 1537-6516(20040501)14:3L.183;1-
![]()
Inhalation Toxicity of Cyclosarin (GF) Vapor in Rats as a Function of Exposure
Concentration and Duration: Potency Comparison to Sarin (GB)
Inhalation
Toxicology
February
2004, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 103-111(9)
Anthony J.S.[1]; Haley M.[1]; Manthei J.[1]; Way R.[1]; Burnett D.[1]; Gaviola
B.[1]; Sommerville D.[1]; Crosier R.[1]; Mioduszewski R.[1]; Thomson S.[1];
Crouse C.[2]; Matson K.[2]
[1] U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground,
Maryland, USA [2] Geo-Centers, Inc., Abingdon, Maryland, USA
Abstract:
The inhalation toxicity of cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate (GF) was
examined in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats exposed by whole body in a
dynamic 750-L chamber. The objectives of this study were to (1) generate GF
vapor in a dynamic inhalation chamber system, starting in the lethal to
near-lethal concentration range, (2) examine dose-response effects of inhaled GF
vapor and analyze the relationship between concentration (C) and exposure
duration (T) in determining probability of lethality, and (3) establish a
lethal potency ratio between GF and the more volatile agent Sarin (GB). Using a
syringe pump, GF vapor concentrations were generated for exposure times of 10,
60, and 240 min. Dose-response curves with associated slopes were determined for
each exposure duration by the Bliss probit method. GF vapor exposures were
associated with sublethal clinical signs such as tremors, convulsions,
salivation, and miosis. Concentration-exposure time values for lethality in 50%
of the exposed population (LCT50) were calculated for 24-h and 14-day
postexposure periods for 10-, 60-, and 240-min exposures. In general, LCT50
values were lower in female rats than males and increased with exposure
duration; that is, CT was not constant over time. The GF LCT50 values for female
rats were 253 mg min/m3 at 10 min, 334 mg min/m3 at 60 min, and 533 mg min/m3 at
240 min, while the values for males were 371, 396, and 585 mg min/m3,
respectively. The GB LCT50 values for female rats were 235 mg min/m3 at 10 min,
355 mg min/m3 at 60 min, and 840 mg min/m3 at 240 min, while the values for
males were 316, 433, and 1296 mg min/m3, respectively. At longer exposure
durations, the LCT50 for GF was less than that found for GB but at shorter
exposure durations, the LCT50 for GF was more than that found for GB. Empirical
models, consisting of the toxic load model plus higher order terms, were
developed and successfully fit to the data.
Document Type: Research article ISSN: 0895-8378
DOI (article): NO_DOI
SICI (online): 0895-8378(20040201)16:2L.103;1-
Estimation of the Upper Limit of Human Butyrylcholinesterase Dose Required for
Protection against Organophosphates Toxicity: a Mathematically Based
Toxicokinetic Model
Toxicological
Sciences
February
2004, vol. 77, no. 2, pp. 358-367(10)
Ashani Y.[1]; Pistinner S.[1]
[1] Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona, Israel
Abstract:
Human butyrylcholinesterase (HuBChE) is a drug candidate for protection against
organophosphates (OP) intoxication. A mathematically based model was validated
and employed to better understand the role of the endogenous HuBChE in
detoxification of OPs and to estimate the dose of exogenous HuBChE required for
enhancing protection of humans from lethal exposure to OPs. The model addresses
the relationship between the HuBChE dose needed to maintain a certain residual
activity of human acetylcholinesterase (HuAChE) and the following parameters:
(1) level and duration of exposure, (2) bimolecular rate constants of inhibition
of HuAChE (kA) and HuBChE (kB) by OPs, and (3) time elapsed from
enzyme load. The equation derived for the calculation of HuBChE dose requires
the knowledge of kA/kB in human blood and the rate constant of HuBChE
elimination. Predictions of HuBChE doses were validated by in vitro
experiments and data of published human studies. These predictions highlight two
parameters that are likely to decrease the calculated dose: (1) the rapid
consumption of the less toxic isomers of OPs in human plasma, and (2) the volume
of distribution of HuBChE that appears significantly greater than the volume of
plasma. The first part of the analysis of the proposed model was focused on
acute bolus exposures and suggests that upper limit doses of 134, 115, and 249
mg/70 kg are sufficient to protect RBC AChE above 30% of baseline activity
following a challenge with 1 LD<inf>50</inf> VX, soman, and sarin, respectively.
The principles of the validated model should be applicable for advanced
predictions of HuBChE dose for protection against continuous exposures to OPs.
Keywords: human; acetylcholinesterase; butyrylcholinesterase; organophosphates;
theoretical model; inhibition
Document Type: Research article ISSN: 1096-6080
DOI (article): 10.1093/toxsci/kfh012
SICI (online): 1096-6080(20040201)77:2L.358;1-
Standardless screening of chemical warfare agents based on gas chromatographic
data
Journal
of Chromatography B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life
Sciences
5
February 2004, vol. 800, no. 1, pp. 291-294(4)
Lekomtsev A.S.[1]; Vekhter E.P.
[1]Chemistry Department, Research Institute of Hygiene, Toxicology and
Occupational Pathology (RIHTOP), Zemljachky st. 12, 400048 , Volgograd, Russia
Keywords: Retention parameters; Thermodynamic parameters; Sarin; Soman; Sulfur
mustard
Language: English Document Type: Short communication ISSN: 1570-0232
DOI (article): 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.10.020
SICI (online): 1570-02328001291294
Express analysis of explosives, chemical warfare agents and drugs with
multicapillary column gas chromatography and ion mobility increment spectrometry
Journal
of Chromatography B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life
Sciences
5
February 2004, vol. 800, no. 1, pp. 75-82(8)
Buryakov I.A.
Keywords: Ion mobility increment spectrometry; Explosives; Chemical warfare
agents; Heroin; Cocaine; Crack
Language: English Document Type: Research article ISSN: 1570-0232
DOI (article): 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.10.064
SICI (online): 1570-023280017582
![]()
Publisher:
Elsevier
Science
13. A Comparison of the Ability of a New Bispyridinium Oxime--1-(4-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium)-4-(4-carbamoylpyridinium)butane
Dibromide and Currently used Oximes to Reactivate Nerve Agent-inhibited Rat
Brain Acetylcholinesterase by In Vitro Methods
Ku
a
K.; Kassa J.
Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, December 2003, vol. 18,
no. 6, pp. 529-535(7)
Taylor and Francis Ltd
14. Hepatic dysfunction in patients with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction
Rangari M.; Gupta R.; Jain M.; Malhotra V.; Sarin S.K.
Liver International, December 2003, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 434-439(6)
Blackwell Publishing
15. Anticholinesterase Mechanism as a Factor of Immunotoxicity of Various
Chemical Compounds
Zabrodskii P.F.; Germanchuk V.G.; Kirichuk V.F.; Nodel' M.L.; Aredakov A.N.
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 200308, vol. 136, no. 2, pp.
176-178(3)
Kluwer Academic Publishers
16. Toxicokinetics of the nerve agent (+/-)-VX in anesthetized and atropinized
hairless guinea pigs and marmosets after intravenous and percutaneous
administration
van der Schans M.J.; Lander B.J.; Wiel H.v.d.; Langenberg J.P.; Benschop H.P.
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 15 August 2003, vol. 191, no. 1, pp.
48-62(15)
Elsevier Science
17. Pralidoxime Iodide (2-PAM) Penetrates Across the Blood-Brain Barrier
Sakurada K.; Matsubara K.; Shimizu K.; Shiono H.; Seto Y.; Tsuge K.; Yoshino M.;
Sakai I.; Mukoyama H.; Takatori T.
Neurochemical Research, September 2003, vol. 28, no. 9, pp. 1401-1407(7)
Kluwer Academic Publishers
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Tuesday, Jun 29, 2004
LETTERS - YOUR VOICE
potential hazard - Ban depleted uranium
I have only recently become aware of the depleted uranium weapons that have been
used by the United States in the Gulf War, Bosnia, and in much greater numbers
in the Iraq War.
Uranium is both radioactive as well as a toxic heavy metal. When the two main
isotopes are separated in the enrichment process the enriched uranium is used to
make atomic bombs and the left over material is depleted uranium, also known as
U-238, which retains 60 percent of its radioactivity, and is used to make smart
bombs, bunker busters, artillery shells, and armor for tanks, etc. Enrichment
plants also process spent nuclear fuel from nuclear power reactors. For this
reason, some DU is known to be contaminated with low levels of some of the most
dangerous substances known to science: plutonium, americium-241, U-238, U-239,
neptunium-237, and technetium-99.
Radioactive decay is a natural process. Radioactive elements decay and emit
particles as they change from one element to another. When DU decays, it emits
alpha particles. These particles are like tiny cannon balls and when they come
into contact with living cells damage is enormous. The International Agency for
Research on Cancer identifies these alpha particles as Group 1 carcinogens,
meaning substances known to cause human cancer.
DU is released when the DU projectile penetrates its target and the outer layer
catches fire which creates a fine radioactive dust. This dust settles to the
earth unless it is picked up and moved by the wind.
This dust creates problems. It does not penetrate our outer layer of skin but if
even one alpha particle is breathed into the lungs, the consequences are deadly.
The half-life of DU is 4.5 billion years and that, is a very long time.
I recently read the DU Resolution adopted by the Democratic Party here at their
convention in Waimea, and at the state convention in Honolulu. This resolution
put forth by our Hawaii delegates and others clearly states the full extent of
the problem and calls for action and accountability. The focus of this statement
is clearly to keep these weapons out of Hawaii.
The heart of our island, the saddle area between Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa will
soon become home to the Stryker Brigade. Various weapons systems will be
exploded during training exercises.
I have heard that the Army pledged at the Kona public meeting not to use DU
munitions in Hawaii, however, I did not see this statement quoted in the news
story which followed the meeting.
I call upon our elected officials and the United States Army to investigate and
answer this question for the public in this column.
Has the Army ever used, are they currently using, or are there any plans to use
or explode deleted uranium mutitions on the Island of Hawaii? The public has a
right to know.
According to the current federal and state environmental notices from the Office
of Environmental Quality Control in Honolulu, we are in the final 30-day waiting
period for the final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) on the Stryker Brigade
Transformation which will conclude on July 7.
This is our last opportunity to direct questions and/or written comments
regarding the final EIS.
You can direct your concerns to Ms. Cindy Barger,US Army Corps of Engineers,
Honolulu Engineer district Program and Project Management, Attention CEDOH-PP-E
(Barger) Building 230, Room 306, Fort Shafter, Hawaii 96858-5540.
She can be reached by phone at 808-438-4812 or e-mail at SBCT_EIS@poh01.usace.army.mil
Copies of the final EIS are available at the public library.
This expansion of training and facilities, including acquisition of an
additional 23,000 acres of land will indeed be a "transformation." Depleted
Uranium must never be used here and should not be used anywhere else either.
Ecosystems, environment, and human health must be protected for the future of
our island, our children, and the children of the world.
Nancy Redfeather
Gerry Herbert
Honalo
High court upholds death sentences in quadruple murder
Associated Press
Last update: 02 July 2004
TALLAHASSEE -- The state Supreme Court rejected the first appeal by a Gulf War
veteran sent to death row for fatally shooting his girlfriend and her three
young children in their Panhandle home.In another capital case Thursday,
Florida's high court upheld the death sentence given to a man for the murder of
a teenager in Land O'Lakes.Jeffrey Hutchinson, 41, was condemned for the murders
of three children ranging in age from 4 to 9 and sentenced to life for the
murder of their 32-year-old mother, Renee Flaherty.Hutchinson and Flaherty lived
with the children near Crestview. On Sept. 11, 1998, Hutchinson called 911 after
the shootings and told the operator "I just shot my family."He quickly changed
his story and claimed two men wearing ski masks broke into the house and
committed the killings.Hutchinson was diagnosed as suffering from Gulf War
Syndrome but the trial judge had rejected defense arguments that he was mentally
ill and suffered from alcohol intoxication.In Thursday's unsigned opinion, the
Supreme Court rejected Hutchinson's argument that there were many "mitigating"
factors to justify a death sentence and that they outweighed the few
"aggravating" factors."Hutchinson argues that because he has no history of
violence and the multiple murders were domestic in nature, the numerous
mitigating factors outweigh the limited aggravation," the Supreme Court
wrote.The court disagreed, adding it has rejected arguments in other cases that
fatal domestic disputes are a special category that don't warrant capital
punishment."This case involves the murders of three defenseless children, all
age 9 and under, as well as the murder of their mother," the court wrote.The
factors that support the death sentences carry more weight than the mitigating
factors, the justices added.Justices Charles Wells, R. Fred Lewis and Peggy
Quince fully concurred in the majority opinion. Chief Justice Barbara Pariente
and Justices Harry Lee Anstead and Raoul Cantero agreed in upholding
Hutchinson's convictions and sentences but disagreed on some of the details in
the ruling. Justice Kenneth Bell, who was not on the court when the appeal was
filed and discussed in oral argument, didn't take part in the decision.In a
second capital case, the court unanimously upheld the sentence and conviction of
Faunce Pearce, 42, who is on death row for the murder of 17-year-old Robert
Crawford.Crawford was fatally shot after a drug deal that went sour in Land
O'Lakes in 1999.Another man was also sentenced to death for Crawford's murder
but in January the state Supreme Court ordered that Lawrence Smith be
resentenced because of a mistake made by the trial judge.Smith shot Crawford and
Stephen Tuttle after the two Land O'Lakes high school students took $1,200 to
buy LSD for a friend of Smith's but then returned without the drugs or the
money. Tuttle survived.
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Candidates seek votes of veterans
By PATRICK JACKSON
Dover Bureau reporter
07/29/2004After
years of being in the rear echelon of American politics, veterans have found
themselves in the front line of this year's electoral battlefield. Democratic
presidential nominee John Kerry and President Bush are reaching out to veterans
and organizing their own veterans groups to help sell their messages. Pete
Keenan of Fenwick Island has already been enlisted in Kerry's campaign. "He's a
true blue veteran," said Keenan, who served on the aircraft carrier USS Saratoga
during the Vietnam War. "He understands the issues that are important to
veterans and is committed to taking care of them." Kerry won the Bronze Star,
Silver Star and three Purple Hearts as patrol boat commander in Vietnam, and
most of the speeches to delegates at this year's Democratic National Convention
have emphasized Kerry's heroism under fire. But Wayne Nelson, a retired Air
Force colonel living in Camden, said Kerry's antiwar protests upon his return
from Vietnam have turned many veterans against him. "I was still flying missions
over there when he did that," Nelson said, adding that he supports Bush because
he believes the president is a strong leader. "I could never support someone who
did that." While he's still undecided on who will get his vote, Bob Corsa of
Millsboro said Kerry's front-line and postwar experience have caused mixed
feelings among veterans. "John Kerry served in combat and George Bush was in the
National Guard," said Corsa, who was with the Marine Corps in Vietnam and now
heads the state Vietnam Veterans of America. "A lot of people came back and
protested the war. But when he was called, he served." Although many veterans
groups can't actively take part in partisan politics, veteran leaders say
Delaware vets are getting involved this year. "I think veterans are seeing that
they have a voice and they are getting into politics," said Corbit Goff, the
American Legion's Delaware commander. "From our efforts to get a veterans home
to the national and state campaigns, we're seeing that if we speak up, the
politicians will pay attention." While both presidential candidates are
promising increased funding for the Department of Veterans Affairs, improved
veterans health care and help for homeless veterans, Kerry and Bush are speaking
to a shrinking segment of the population. Since the nation ended the draft and
set up an all-volunteer military in the 1970s, the number of veterans has been
dwindling. Census data shows that vets now make up about 12 percent of the
national population. In Delaware, that number is higher - about 14 percent.
However, studies show that more veterans tend to vote than much of the
population. University of Virginia political science professor Larry Sabato said
the impact of veterans transcend their raw numbers. "To a lot of people,
veterans also symbolize the active-duty military, which can't take part in
partisan politics," he said. "Besides being an important voting block, they also
have an important symbolic value because of that." And for the first time since
the 1960s, Sabato said, Democrats have a presidential candidate with a serious
shot at winning veteran support or at least making inroads in the Republican's
traditional dominance among vets. "They are making a point of John Kerry's
status as a war hero and his understanding of veterans issues," Sabato said. "I
don't know if it's enough to help him win the veterans' vote, but it will be
close this year." While some veterans are firmly in one camp or the other, many
veterans, including Corsa, are still listening to what the candidates have to
say. Corsa said he wants to hear how Bush and Kerry want to address traditional
veterans' issues and how they plan to help veterans who are returning to
civilian life from current battlefronts. "We already have a commander-in-chief,
the president of the United States, and we can look at his record and see what
he has delivered," he said. "If he's done a good job, we'll bring him back. If
he hasn't, we'll look at someone else." Reach Patrick Jackson at 678-4274 or
pjackson@delawareonline.com.
Edwards on the attack: VP nominee blasts Bush over veterans' health care
By Andrew Miga and David R. Guarino
Wednesday, July 28, 2004John Edwards, staking out aggressive new
ground on war and defense, ripped
President Bush [related,
bio] tonight for turning his back on America's stricken veterans.
``Men and women who used to take care of themselves, they now count on
others to see them through the day,'' Edwards told a packed FleetCenter crowd.
``They need their mother to tie their shoe, their husband to brush their hair.''
The Democratic vice presidential nominee lashed Bush for lacking the
compassion to care for fallen veterans - showcasing a combative tone on the eve
of Sen. John F. Kerry's formal acceptance of the Democratic presidential
nomination.
``The word hero was made for them,'' Edwards said. ``And they deserve a
president who understands that on the most personal level what they have gone
through - what they have given and given up for their country.''
Eager to prove to voters he's more than just a pretty face, Edwards devoted
most of his prime-time acceptance address praising Kerry's war combat record and
seeking to reassure skeptical voters he's ready to take over as chief executive.
But his address was heavily laden with bursts of optimism, offering to
strained workers and cash-strapped parents that ``hope is on the way.''
``In the weeks ahead, we know what's coming, don't we? More negative
attacks,'' Edwards said. ``Aren't you sick of it?''
Edwards' boyish good looks and all-American family have captivated many
voters, but Democratic strategists realize the freshman North Carolina senator
must prove he can be a strong leader able to stand up to the terrorist threat.
In his first nationally televised speech, Edwards, 51, a multimillionare
trial lawyer, praised Kerry's Vietnam War combat heroics and the veterans who
are fighting today in
Iraq and
Afghanistan.
Democrats are seeking to blunt Bush's advantage on national security
issues, making it the core theme of their four-day convention. Strength is the
convention's watchword for Democrats. Images of Kerry, who arrived in Boston
flanked by his Navy crewmates, during his combat days as a young man dominate
the gathering.
Polls show Americans trust Bush more than Kerry in safeguarding the
country. Those same voters are sharply divided over Bush's handling of the Iraq
war - a split the Democrats hope to exploit.
``Decisive, strong,'' Edwards enthused. ``Aren't those the traits you want
in a commander-in-chief?''
Echoing another, more muted, convention theme, Edwards also took a broad
swipe at his GOP foes.
``The Republicans are doing all they can to take this campaign for the
highest office in the land down the lowest possible road,'' the senator
complained.
A few weeks ago, Bush pointedly suggested that Edwards lacked the
qualifications to be president, saying that his own running mate, Vice President
Dick Cheney, was well-prepared to become commander-in-chief.
Kerry's selection of Edwards, a dynamic speaker whose Southern
working-class roots help him connect with voters in economically strapped swing
states such as Ohio, has energized the Democratic ticket.
VETERANS
In Battle of Patriotic Symbols, Veterans Muster in Kerry Camp
By DAVID M. HALBFINGER
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Published: July 27, 2004
OSTON,
July 26 - They rolled in on wheelchairs or hobbled on canes, wore one-sleeved
shirts or breathed through tubes, decked themselves out in biker vests or
American Legion hats. Hundreds of military veterans - many bearing the physical
and emotional scars of the Vietnam War - mustered here on Monday to enlist as
John Kerry's shock troops in a campaign to win the hearts and minds of
independent voters and nullify Republicans' traditional advantage on issues of
national security.Before them, beneath a mammoth American flag, sat the
crewmates who served under the young Lieutenant Kerry as he skippered their
Swift boats through the treacherous Mekong Delta. There was Jim Rassmann, the
Green Beret whom Mr. Kerry pulled from the water under enemy fire. And there was
Max Cleland, the triple amputee and former Democratic senator from Georgia whose
defeat in 2002 - by an opponent who ran commercials linking him to Saddam
Hussein and Osama bin Laden - has become a rallying point for Democrats
determined not to let Republicans who avoided combat bludgeon them with
patriotic symbols.
Advertisement
"That flag is our flag," declared Gen. Wesley K. Clark, another combat-wounded
Vietnam veteran and now retired, as those who could stand jumped to their feet
and those who could not just hollered. "We served under that flag. We've seen
men die for that flag. And no John Ashcroft or Tom DeLay or Dick Cheney is going
to take that flag away from us."A party known more for protesting peaceniks than
for flag-waving warriors, the Democrats are putting military veterans front and
center throughout their convention. They are allowing Mr. Kerry to brandish his
combat experience to bolster his credentials as a would-be commander in chief in
a time of war, when voters' natural impulse is to keep the incumbent in office.
And they using it to answer Republican accusations that he is too soft on
defense, too vacillating for a country needing decisive leadership.To be sure,
veterans are hardly united behind Mr. Kerry, who antagonized many active
soldiers and veterans of earlier conflicts with his searing antiwar testimony in
1971, and who remains a symbol of the chasm that the Vietnam War opened up in
American society. For many veterans, their fury is still fresh at the fellow
combatant who gained fame by saying he, and they, had been guilty of
"atrocities" in Vietnam.So it was all the more striking, organizers said, that
more than 1,000 people turned out on Monday for the first-ever Democratic
veterans caucus. More than 500 veterans are among the convention
delegates.Members of his Vietnam Swift boat crew are giving prime-time speeches
and speaking at countless off-camera functions all week. One, the Rev. David
Alston of Columbia, S.C. , told the convention Monday night that Mr. Kerry was a
man of courage and conviction who never lost his cool. The veteran-lionizing
culminates on Thursday with addresses by Mr. Rassmann and Mr. Cleland, who is to
introduce Mr. Kerry as the party's nominee.Democratic officials said that they
had even tried to find an old Navy Swift boat they could ship to the convention
hall to use as a backdrop, but that the idea proved too expensive.There is
plenty of martial imagery on display, however, and it serves many purposes,
Democrats say, not least by letting them retell the story of Mr. Kerry's early
life, when he was decorated for valor in Vietnam and then returned home to help
lead the opposition to the war.Indeed, Mr. Kerry has used his war record - and
the fellow veterans who bear witness to it - to answer nearly every conceivable
attack. Weak on national security? He trots out his three Purple Hearts. A
flip-flopper? He runs commercials featuring Del Sandusky, a former crewmate,
saying Mr. Kerry's decisiveness under fire "saved our lives." His combat duty
also gives Democrats their most potent line of personal attack at Mr. Bush - one
that veterans feel free to press here, despite Mr. Kerry's professed desire that
the conventioneers stick to more positive themes .But perhaps the most important
function that veterans are serving is in testifying to what they call Mr.
Kerry's bravery, his character and even his oft-questioned personal warmth."He's
not aloof and standoffish," Jim Wasser of Kankakee, Ill., another former crewman
on Mr. Kerry's boat, assured the delegates at the caucus. "He's a caring,
compassionate, courageous, man's man."Veterans have helped Mr. Kerry again and
again in his political career, but it was in 1984 that they first melded into an
effective political brigade on his behalf
Posted on Wed, Jul. 28, 2004
Bunning promises to seek quality health care for veterans
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BRUCE SCHREINER
Associated Press
LOUISVILLE, Ky. - U.S. Sen. Jim Bunning promised Wednesday to push for
the best health care available for veterans during a visit to a Veterans Affairs
hospital with the Senate's top leader.Bunning was accompanied by Senate Majority
Leader Bill Frist, a heart surgeon who reminisced about performing operations at
VA hospitals.Bunning, a Republican who is seeking a second term this fall, said
he would use his assignment to the Veterans Affairs Committee to "make sure that
the best care is available for our veterans.""We've been working very hard to
make sure that the facility here and all other veterans' facilities have the
equipment and the dollars that are needed for their progress," Bunning said at a
brief news conference.Bunning is being challenged by Democratic state Sen.
Daniel Mongiardo, a surgeon from Hazard.Frist, R-Tenn., said he was impressed by
the VA hospital's use of electronic technology. One feature is bar coding of
medicines."It gives the very best service to our veterans," he said. "It's the
heart and soul of where we're going in health care in the future - right here
already existing."Mongiardo also has advocated incorporating electronic
technology to cut costs and improve health care.The Louisville hospital treated
about 38,000 patients last year, officials said. The Louisville hospital serves
a 35-county area in Kentucky and Indiana that has 154,000 veterans, VA officials
said. The state's other VA hospital is in Lexington.A study on whether to build
a new VA hospital in Louisville is expected to be completed by year's end. The
study will include the estimated cost and will look at possible sites for a new
hospital.Les Beavers, commissioner of the state Department of Veterans Affairs,
said he thinks the case has been made for a new hospital, partly because of high
demand for services among the area's veterans.Bunning is pushing legislation to
allow the state to buy or lease the current hospital and use it as a nursing
home if a new hospital is built.Mongiardo said that Bunning and Frist "say the
right things in Kentucky but vote the wrong way in Washington."In a statement,
Mongiardo said the proposed 2005 federal budget will leave veterans' programs at
least $2.6 billion under budget, including a $46.2 million shortfall for
veterans' health care in Kentucky."The crisis in veterans' health care is
indicative of a broader failure by the politicians in Washington when it comes
to health care," Mongiardo said.Meanwhile, Frist had little to say about the
messages offered by Democrats at their national convention this week in Boston.
He said Republicans will offer their vision at their convention later this
summer.After the VA hospital tour, Frist spoke at a fund-raiser for Bunning.
Courting the veterans vote
by
Bob Collins, Minnesota Public Radio
July 27, 2004
Very few delegates to the Boston convention, and fewer than 100 veterans, showed
up at the rally to honor veterans at Boston's Bunker Hill monument. (MPR
Photo/Bob Collins)
Delegates to the Democratic National Convention in Boston are hearing an
emphasis on Sen. John Kerry's war record. Convention organizers are hoping to
portray Kerry as someone strong on defense. But it may be a tough sell among at
least one group of voters -- veterans.
Boston, Mass. — Large photographs throughout the convention hall display Vietnam
images with John Kerry in fatigues, on his gunboat, surrounded by his so-called
Band of Brothers. But Kerry also headed Vietnam Veterans Against the War, a fact
Republicans are only too happy to use to paint Kerry as "soft" on
defense.Longtime Democratic pollster Peter Hart acknowledges it's a challenge
for Democrats to appeal to veterans. "The active military person is usually more
likely to be a Republican, certainly with the officers," says Hart.
Kerry's Band of Brothers
Tuesday's plan to salute veterans got off to a rocky start. Beneath dozens of
flags and towered over by the Bunker Hill monument in Boston, the Democrats
hoped to stage a rally that would show them as a party committed to -- and
supported by -- veterans.But peel away the speakers, the senators and House
members and reporters, and fewer than 100 attended out of a convention of 6,000
delegates. That's indicative of how hard it will be for the Democrats to
convince voters they are the party heavily supported by veterans.Pollster Hart
says it's worth the effort."I think if Sen. Kerry can get over 50 percent of
that vote, it's going to be a good sign for Democrats, because what it's going
to say is, 'This person is strong enough to be able to lead.' These people care
about the strength and direction of the nation," says Hart.But according to a
CBS poll last month, Kerry is nowhere near getting 50 percent of the veteran
vote. President Bush leads Kerry among veterans, 54 percent to 40 percent.
Pollster Peter Hart
In their opening salvos Monday night, Democrats focused more on promoting Kerry
than savaging Bush. One exception was former President Jimmy Carter, who
questioned how much time the president spent with the Texas National Guard
during the Vietnam War.And that's fertile ground for veterans like Jim Bootz of
Chaska, who thinks this time, it should be the Republican whose wartime service
is questioned."We haven't heard anything about George Bush's crewmates. I don't
know if there were any," says Bootz. "We haven't heard anybody coming forward
saying, 'Oh, yeah, I remember serving with him,' or speaking out -- his heroics
or anything."A squad of Republican politicians arrived in Boston on Tuesday to
respond to the Democrats. They included Minnesota Sen. Norm Coleman, who
criticized John Kerry's votes on Iraq."He's had seven different positions in a
short period of time. Funding the $87 billion on body armor for our troops. In
the end people aren't dumb, they're smart. They're going to focus on the
record," Coleman says. "They're going to decide whether he has the strength and
consistency to do what Joe Lieberman said, to make the tough decisions in the
fight against terrorism."
Wesley Clark
The mention of Iraq has been relatively scarce in Democratic speeches so far.
Officials have eliminated references to it being a mistake. But a sizeable
Democratic base believes it was, and Kerry forces face a challenge marrying the
so-called peace element of the party with the veterans, who polls show support
the decision to go to war.Enter former Democratic presidential candidate Gen.
Wesley Clark, who answered, "Who linked support for the war as a patriotic
requirement?" by invoking the soldiers who stood against the British on Bunker
Hill."They fought for freedom. They fought for the right to assemble, to
dissent, to speak out, to give their views," Clark says. "And in a time of war,
it is the highest form of patriotism to speak out and give those views across
this country."But as delegates streamed into Boston FleetCenter for the second
night of their convention, it's Vietnam -- not Iraq -- that campaign officials
want to discuss, largely -- it would appear -- with the occasional subtle jab of
what Bush was doing while Kerry was serving. To underscore the atmosphere of the
'60s, the folk group Peter, Paul and Mary perform Tuesday night.
Signatures Gathered For Veterans License Plates
POSTED: 9:31 am PDT July 28, 2004
The state Department of Veterans Affairs is collecting signatures on a petition
to the Legislature, asking for special license plates for veterans.
More Info
WA State Department Of Veterans Affairs
Signature
Sheet
Only 2000 signatures of support are needed to present the request to the 2005
Legislature.
The plates would carry the emblems of each branch of the military.The proceeds
would help pay for services to homeless veterans, memorials and possibly the
maintenance of a future state veterans' cemetery.Copyright 2004 by
KIROTV.com. All rights reserved.
This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
Seattle
Nation/World
Posted on Wed, Jul. 28, 2004
Veterans gain prominence in party
DEMOCRATS SPOTLIGHT MILITARY SERVICE, KERRY'S COMBAT ROLE
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By Jim Puzzanghera
Mercury News Washington Bureau
BOSTON - With Iraq a major campaign issue and presumptive presidential
nominee John Kerry a decorated Vietnam War hero, veterans are enjoying newfound
cachet at the Democratic National Convention.More than 500 are here as
delegates, a record for a party known more for peaceniks than paratroopers. The
attention being showered on veterans also provides a powerful political image --
a reminder of Kerry's own combat service and a sharp contrast to President Bush,
who opted to serve in the National Guard during Vietnam.They have been feted in
hotel ballrooms and in an elaborate ceremony Tuesday at the base of the Bunker
Hill Monument. Kerry's Navy crew mates from Vietnam have received prime-time
speaking roles and will join him for a boat ride across Boston Harbor when he
arrives today.Anyone with a military background is making sure to tout it, from
Hollywood lobbyist Jack Valenti (a World War II fighter pilot) to Democratic
strategist James Carville (a former Marine corporal).``We're all a member of
John Kerry's `Band of Brothers,' '' former NATO Supreme Allied Commander Wesley
Clark told about 1,600 veterans and their families at a standing-room-only
reception Monday. ``He's the man we want as commander in chief. We're veterans.
We know what it takes.''The Kerry campaign is hoping his Vietnam war record and
focus on veterans health care and benefits will make inroads into what has
traditionally been perceived as a Republican voting bloc.It also could be a
productive image for Kerry as he tries to undercut what polls have shown is
Bush's biggest strength, his perception as a strong leader, said John Mueller, a
political-science professor at Ohio State University, who has studied wartime
presidents.``They'd love to get votes from anybody, obviously, but it's more a
matter of doing the tough thing and showing he's a hero,'' Mueller said.Contrast
to BushVeterans at the convention like Kathleen Morgan, 43, of Palmdale said
Kerry's war background sets him apart from Bush in a time of terrorist
threats.``He knows what it's all about,'' said Morgan, who served in the Persian
Gulf War and recently retired after 23 years in the Air Force. ``I think he's
less likely to jump on the bandwagon to send us off to defend something that's
not worth doing.''Opposition to the war in Iraq is a major factor behind the
support of many veterans. And although Kerry voted in the Senate to authorize
the war in Iraq, his opposition to how it has been conducted has drawn support
from veterans who opposed the war from the start.``We went in for the wrong
reasons,'' said Chalk Norton, 54, a firefighter and Vietnam veteran from
Shawnee, Okla. ``We need to get our people home. I don't think Bush has got the
plan.''There are about 26.5 million veterans nationwide, and they could make a
difference in competitive states in November.``We're looking to bring in
veterans in large, substantial numbers, and I think we can do it,'' said John
Hurley, Kerry's national veterans coordinator. ``It's certainly not just an
image thing.''Support from veterans, drummed up by some of Kerry's Vietnam crew
mates like Del Sandusky of Clearwater, Fla., helped resuscitate the
Massachusetts senator's primary campaign last winter.``Based on what we did in
Iowa and New Hampshire, I think we're going to make a difference,'' said
Sandusky. ``A vet will communicate faster with another vet. Bush can't compete
with that . . . he doesn't have a veterans support group like we can gather.''Bush
camp's letterStill, the Bush campaign released a public letter to veterans
from 24 Medal of Honor recipients Tuesday who charge Kerry with making false
accusations that Bush has cut veterans benefits, and slamming him for voting
against the $87 billion appropriation in 2003 to fund troops in Iraq. Kerry said
he supported an alternative version of the funding that included more
accountability.``We are disturbed that John Kerry would try to scare veterans
with his false accusations, and we are disappointed in his lack of support for
today's troops,'' wrote the medal winners, who urged veterans to support
Bush.Hurley dismissed the criticism and noted that the Bush campaign released a
letter earlier this year with the support of 49 Medal of Honor recipients. He
asked, ``What happened to the other 25?''Former Sen. Max Cleland, D-Ga., who
lost three limbs while serving in Vietnam, said veterans are moving to Kerry
because he has supported their causes.``Vets are Republican. They tend to be
oriented toward the military, toward patriotism, and in so many ways, the
Democratic Party has neglected that side of itself,'' said Cleland, who will
formally introduce Kerry at the convention Thursday, another sign of the party's
embrace of veterans this week. ``But now you have the real deal. You have a real
American hero.''Contact Jim Puzzanghera at jpuzzanghera@krwashington. com or
(202) 383-6043.
Published Wednesday
July 28, 2004More tap into veterans' aidBY MARTHA STODDARD
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WORLD-HERALD BUREAU
LINCOLN - Aid given to Nebraska veterans has exceeded income from the Nebraska
Veterans Aid trust fund for eight years - at a time eligibility requirements
were eased. A 1997 state law expanded benefits to peacetime veterans, largely
covering those in active military service during the Cold War years. The law
also eliminated a five-year residency requirement for veterans seeking
assistance. State Veterans Affairs Director John Hilgert said Tuesday that he
introduced the law and still supports the expanded eligibility. Veterans who
served after 1990, including the current Iraq war, are considered wartime.
Peacetime veterans accounted for about 20 percent of those seeking assistance
during the fiscal year ending June 30, according to state figures. That was up
from about 17 percent in 2002-03. "I certainly will not be making a
recommendation to anyone that we change that law," Hilgert said. As for new
limits on veterans who received general rather than honorable discharges,
Hilgert said he stands with Gov. Mike Johanns, who has asked veterans affairs
officers to hold, rather than deny, applications from those veterans while the
Legislature studies the situation. Johanns also says any legislation providing
benefits for veterans with general discharges should be made retroactive. The
Legislature's Government, Military and Veterans Affairs Committee will hold
hearings on the issue Oct. 8 in McCook and Oct. 27 in Omaha. Testimony to the
Veterans Affairs Advisory Commission on Tuesday indicated a split among veterans
about giving benefits to those with general discharges. Joe Ballweg, veterans
service officer from Adams County, said veterans he talked with believe it was
right to ask for the attorney general's opinion on whether veterans with general
discharges were eligible. The veterans commission sought the opinion because of
shortfalls in money available for aid. The state trust fund can help veterans
with certain emergency expenses, medical needs and funerals. Ballweg said
veterans believe the attorney general was correct in concluding that a general
discharge should not be treated as the equivalent of an honorable discharge.
Many veterans are concerned that providing benefits for those with general
discharges would diminish the value of their honorable discharges, said John
Hurst, veterans service officer from Cass County. "There is no lack of due
process if that person wants to challenge a general discharge," Hurst said. But
Jim Cada, a Lincoln attorney and Vietnam War veteran, said there are many
reasons people got general discharges, some significant and some not. He
suggested changing state law to provide benefits to those veterans, as has been
done for the past 60 years or so, along with adding money to the trust fund so
it would produce sufficient income to meet the needs. The fund is worth $29.6
million. It yielded income of nearly $908,000 in the fiscal year just ended, but
the state provided more than $957,000 in benefits. Contact the Omaha
World-Herald
Veterans losing access to promised level of quality health care Australia
28 Jul 2004
Veterans losing access to promised level of quality health care Australia
28 Jul 2004
AMA (Australian Medical Association) PollAn AMA doctors’ poll shows that
Australia’s war veterans will find it harder to access the high level of quality
medical care promised to them by the Government unless urgent funding is
provided to the Local Medical Officer (LMO) Scheme.
An AMA survey of 335 doctors who participate in the LMO Scheme indicates that 60
per cent of GPs are on the verge of withdrawing from the Scheme if the
Government fails to increase funding.
Managed by the Department of Veterans’ Affairs (DVA), the LMO Scheme provides
veterans with free medical care and treatment. Participating GPs bulk bill the
DVA the cost of providing the high quality service, but Medicare Plus incentives
for bulk billing have eroded the value of an LMO consultation.
AMA President, Dr Bill Glasson, said today that the LMO Scheme promises veterans
the same level of access and standards of health care as a private patient, but
the Government is failing to provide the funding to deliver on their stated
commitment to the care of our war veterans.
“Our veterans are getting older and their health needs are becoming more
complex, but the LMO fee does not reflect the fact that that our veterans have
serious and sometimes multiple ailments that require special care and much
longer GP consultations,” Dr Glasson said.
“There are currently 298,607 veterans eligible for care under DVA programs –
with more than 150,000 of these veterans aged 70 and over.
“These veterans made the ultimate sacrifice for their country and their fellow
Australians, but are now being short-changed on the level of health care
promised them in their retirement years because their Gold Cards no longer offer
them the benefits to which they are entitled.
“The Government must do the right thing by our veterans and fund the LMO Scheme
appropriately. If not, GPs will reluctantly opt out of the Scheme and ready
access to promised high quality medical services and care will be denied our
veterans,” Dr Glasson said.
Of the GPs polled, 86 per cent said veterans have more complex treatment needs
than other patients, while 81 per cent said their DVA patients required
considerably more paperwork and red tape, cutting into available time for other
patients.
The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare report, Australia’s Health 2004,
states:
“...49 per cent of veterans with a DVA health care entitlement card rated their
health as either fair or poor, compared with about 33 per cent of males of
equivalent age in the general community...veterans report poorer health and more
health problems than people of the same age in the general community, and war
widows and widowers.”
Australian Medical
Association
Neugebauer, Principi will visit hospital
Odessa AmericanU.S. Rep. Randy Neugebauer, R-Lubbock, and Department of
Veterans Affairs Secretary Anthony Principi will visit the Big Spring VA
hospital Aug. 24.
Veterans forums have also been scheduled that day in Big Spring an
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Low Level Radiation Campaign response to
SCIENCE OR SCIENCE FICTION?
Facts, Myths and Propaganda In the Debate Over Depleted Uranium Weapons
Dan Fahey; March 12, 2003
13th March 2003
The Low Level Radiation Campaign's web site www.llrc.org contains three reports which falsify Dan Fahey's assertion (his page 11) that there are no credible studies linking exposure to DU with any cancers or illnesses among people in Iraq, the Balkans ....etc.
Health Risks following Exposure to Aerosols produced by the use of Depleted Uranium Weapons Presentation by Dr. Chris Busby to Public conference on DU Prague, 24 and 25th Nov. 2001 (a pdf file downloadable from this site) gives data from the Sarajevo Cancer Registry showing that rates (not crude numbers) of many cancers increased dramatically after the conflict.
The effects of DU - lymphoma incidence in Italian troops returned from peacekeeping duty in Bosnia (as a pdf file downloadable from this site) is about research by the Italian army showing a 7.9-fold excess of lymphoma in this population.
Radioactive Times Vol. 4 no 2. has a story entitled Desert Storm. This has cancer registry data which show major anomalies in rates of childhood leukaemia in areas where DU was used.
Overall Dan Fahey's report falls into the trap of overlooking the novel and uniquely man- made type of exposure resulting from the aerosolisation of DU, the extreme mobility of the resulting dust and its ability to be resuspended, and the underestimation of hazard from chronic doses to lymph tissue following inhalation of the dust.
Dan Fahey's reply 13th March 2003:
Rather than refute my report, the studies you cite support my contention that the claims about DU are not backed up by evidence.
Overall, the reports you cite do not prove that people who were actually exposed to DU developed the observed effects.
You claim Busby's paper refutes my report, but Busby simply suggests DU is responsible for cancers in Sarajevo because "Sarajevo is close to the town where Nic Priest took urine samples and found DU contamination in people," (p. 14 of the report on the LLRC site). We don't even know if the people who developed cancer were exposed to DU. How exactly does this refute my report?
There is no evidence the Italian soldiers were exposed to DU, and it is not sufficient to say DU is the cause of their lymphomas simply because the veterans were in a geographic region where DU was used. We should be asking what else they might have been exposed to, and to evaluate DU in that light so that we can identify and correct any environmental hazards that might be causing the observed effects.
Similarly, the rates of childhood leukemias cannot be blamed on DU simply because the children live in a geographic region where DU was used. It might be reasonable to suggest, after rigorous analysis, that DU could possibly be causing some of the effects, but it is inaccurate to simply blame DU because it is known or supsected DU was used in certain areas without some kind of study showing the children were actually exposed, or at the least very likely to have been exposed to DU.
If you look at my recommendations, I call for population studies to be conducted so that we can understand if DU is a causative or contributing factor in the observed effects.
Rather than "falsify" my claims, the studies you cite actually support my report and its conclusions, and I thank you for bringing this to the attention of a larger audience.
Sincerely,
Dan FaheyChris Busby replies to Dan Fahey (14th March 2003):
In epidemiology, it is very seldom that we can obtain a result that proves causation beyond doubt. So under these circumstances, we have to see the argument more from the point of a courtroom, where the weight of total evidence ius weighed and the finding of guilty is on the balance of probability. There is also the point of mechanism and plausibility. We use induction. What to the cancer and infant effects in these areas have in common? What kind of cause could there be that makes these effects occur? If we are looking at cancer and infant effects we are looking at genetic damage. Yhen we want to find a mutagen or carcinogen. What mutagen or carcinogen ties all the increses in cancer together? Radiation and micron particles. This brings in Sellafield and Chernobyl. And so forth. The jury then decides. Of course, if the jury are paid by the people who make the DU and use it then they start asking the kinds of questions that Dan is asking, and there is business as usual.
Best wishes
ChrisRichard Bramhall's email (14th March 2003) to Davey Garland re Dan Fahey's reply (above):
--------------- reply ----------------
Dear Davey
Yes, Fahey sent it to us as well. Please feel free circulate this response.
His argument is silly. We meet it frequently when discussing evidence with people who are embedded in the conventional view of radiation risk. It's a reductionist and essentially anti-scientific technique; it consists of taking one or two (or, in this case, three) bits of the evidence and saying that each on its own proves nothing. The papers on the LLRC site (www.llrc.org) contain an entire argument demonstrating that the theoretical basis of the ICRP model is fatally flawed. Much evidence of disease in populations exposed to radioactive pollution (not only DU) supports our case empirically; the sharp increase in infant leukaemia reported from several countries after Chernobyl is an irrefutable example, defining an error in the ICRP risk factor of some hundred fold.
The British Government has established a scientific advisory committee to decide whether the ICRP model is valid for internal radionuclides (see www.cerrie.org.
The European Committee on Radiation Risk has recently published its 2003 Recommendations (see www.euradcom.org for details). The Committee has developed weighting factors for various types of exposure which ICRP treats simply on an averaged dose model. The ECRR factors include a "Biophysical Hazard Factor (Wj)" to allow, among other types of exposure, for the effectiveness of chronic local doses to the small volumes of body tissue which surround incorporated hot or warm particles - insoluble DU oxides, for example. The Factor Wj for internal insoluble particulates is given as between 20 and 1000 depending on activity, particle size and dose (noting that Tamplin and Cochran in 1974 calculated an enhancement of dose for Plutonium oxide hot particles as high as 115,000). As I understand it the word "enhancement" means "conferring a greater hazard than the same dose averaged over a mass of tissue in the order of 1 kilogram" (the usual ICRP fudge)
We agree with Fahey's recommendation for research in exposed populations but he is saying that no such research has yet been done, and that is patently wrong. We are not impressed by his assertion that "We don't even know if the people who developed cancer were exposed to DU" - the point is that the DU dust is highly mobile and could be found all over the conflict regions if appropriate techniques were used. We have not been back to the Balkans recently but for all we know DU is still being resuspended. In discussions at the UK MoD's DU Oversight Board it has been said that one problem in researching DU is the difficulty of finding uncontaminated controls. This may explain why the cameraman tested positive in Nick Priest's study for BBC Scotland.
Fahey's sentence: "We should be asking what else they might have been exposed to, and to evaluate DU in that light so that we can identify and correct any environmental hazards that might be causing the observed effects" is confused and redundant - a recipe for fudge and delay.
After 1991 we heard a lot about other mutagens in Iraq and the great significance of the findings from the Balkans is that the common factor was DU. The great significance of the findings of the Italian Army is that there is a good baseline for generating an expected number of lymphomas; this is in contrast to the nightmarish difficulties of doing epidemiology in a war zone.
In conclusion, there is now plenty of information to indicate that DU weapons are contrary to international law, on account of their indiscriminate effects [see footnote].
Yours sincerely
Richard Bramhall
Low Level Radiation Campaign
bramhall@llrc.orgDan Fahey's reply to Richard Bramhall (14th March 2003):
Richard,
You still don't answer the assertion made in my report, which is that there are no studies linking DU to observed effects. You are making a fatal flaw if you do not think it is necessary to have evidence that the Italian soldiers - or others - were even potentially exposed to DU before suggesting that their lymphomas are related to DU. Yes DU is mobile, but so are many other chemicals and heavy metals. The reports on your web site do not provide any information about the soldiers, or the children, only speculation that their problems resulted from DU because DU was used, as if the Balkans were a pristine environment devoid of any pollution prior to the introduction of DU. And you are missing an important point: the DU rounds hit few to no hard targets, thus minimizing the creation of DU dust. This is actually good news for people who want to ban DU because it tears away the military position that DU rounds are indispensible. Unfortunately people are too focused on making unsupported claims and playing into the military's hands by talking about how great DU is rather than building a solid argument based on available information and research.
In my opinion, you are harming the DU issue by providing the public and policy makers with an inaccurate and highly speculative assessment of the actual (and potential) effects of DU. Your message [above] does not address any of the key points in my paper. I accept the hazards of DU, but I do not accept claims made about those hazards and their effects that are unsupported by evidence and in many cases, not even plausible.
Sincerely,
Dan Faheyand Dan Fahey's reply to Chris Busby:
Chris,
You confuse law with science. I have a greater background in law than science, but my understanding - and please correct me if I am wrong - is that in science you start with a hypothesis, and then you test that hypothesis until you have a result. You start with the fact people have developed health problems, but your analysis fails to test the reasons why - you simply assume DU must be the culprit because it is biologically plausible that DU could cause those effects. As I said in my previous email, we do not know what other toxins these people might have been exposed to, so I ask you, as a scientist, how can you attribute these effects to DU if you do not even know if these people were exposed to DU? Is that credible scientific analysis? Not in my opinion.
In a court, you would at the very least have to show some link between cause and effect. In this case, you have evidence of effect, but no evidence of cause - speculation won't get you far in a court, I'm afraid.
As with LLRC, you are actually making my case stronger by making the weaknesses of your argument even more apparent, and I thank you for that.
Sincerely,
Dan Faheyand Chris Busby replies to Dan Fahey:
>From: Dr Chris Busby
>To: Richard Bramhall
>CC: davey garland, Daniel Fahey
>
>Subject: Re: [DU Information List] Dan Fahey article on "Science or Science
>Fiction
>Date: Fri, 14 Mar 2003 12:03:44 -0000 > >Actually, you have the wrong idea about Science. Read Bruno Latour, Science in Action, Harvard 1987. The hypothesis testing is OK with Newton's Laws but gets more complex in areas of biology and stochastic risk. Apart from that it's a case of 'You can't wake up someone who is pretending to be asleep'.
Cheers
Chris
ps Get hold of the ECRR2003 recommendations (see www.euradcom.org) where all this is explained.Dan Fahey's reply to Chris Busby:
Chris,
I'm wide awake, which is why I can see that your reports lack convincing evidence between cause and effect to support your conclusions. There's no doubt DU is harmful, but considerable doubt about who has actually been exposed to it. You and others have constructed a house of cards on DU - building one speculation on top of another - that can not stand up to even the cursory scrutiny I have put it under, as is becoming clear to the many people who are thanking me for writing this report.
Sincerely,
Dan FaheyRichard Bramhall comments (15th March 2003):
This debate has got to the stage where Dan is repeating arguments - specifically the "cursory examination" one which I answered earlier - and I don't see any point in going on with it.
Richard Bramhall
Low Level Radiation Campaign
bramhall@llrc.orgThere has been no further correspondence.
Anti-DU activist Professor Doug Rokke has spoken out recently on legality of DU. In comments reported in the Scottish Sunday Herald and the UK's Independent he describes the use of DU weapons as "illegal". See http://truthout.org/docs_03/040103F.shtml and http://www.rediff.com/us/2003/mar/31iraq3.htm
Rokke is a veteran of the first Gulf War. Most of the men who worked with him on decontaminating equipment have died and he himself suffers from DU induced illness.
We at LLRC said in 1999 that use of DU in munitions contravenes Article 3 of the UN CONVENTION ON PROHIBITIONS OR RESTRICTIONS ON THE USE OF CERTAIN CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS WHICH MAY BE DEEMED TO BE EXCESSIVELY INJURIOUS OR TO HAVE INDISCRIMINATE EFFECTS AND PROTOCOLS (1980) Click here.
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